Kusanthula ntchito zinayi zazikulu za choyambitsa chofewa: kuyimitsa koyambira bwino, chitetezo chambiri, ndi ntchito yosunga mphamvu.

1. Mu dongosolo la magetsi, ngati kiyi Kuwongolera Magalimoto Chipangizochi, choyambira chofewa chimathetsa mavuto ambiri omwe amayambitsidwa ndi njira yachikhalidwe yoyambira mwachindunji ndi mphamvu yake yowongolera molondola pa njira yoyambira injini. Sichimangoyatsa kapena kuzimitsa dera, koma chimakwaniritsa kusintha kosalala kwa magetsi a injini ndi mphamvu zamagetsi kudzera muukadaulo wamagetsi, motero chimakwaniritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana zazikulu ndikupereka chithandizo champhamvu kuti ntchito yomanga mafakitale ikhale yogwira ntchito bwino komanso yotetezeka. Ntchito zazikulu za choyambira chofewa zawunikidwa mwatsatanetsatane pansipa, ndi mafotokozedwe ofanana ndi Chingerezi.

2. Iyi ndiye ntchito yoyambira komanso yofunika kwambiri ya soft starter. Njira yachikhalidwe yoyambira injini mwachindunji imapangitsa kuti injini ikhale ndi mphamvu yolowera nthawi 5-8 kuposa mphamvu yovotera panthawi yoyambira. Mphamvu yayikulu iyi yachangu sikuti imangoyambitsa kupsinjika kwakukulu kwa electrothermal pa ma windings a injini, imathandizira kukalamba kwa insulation, ndikufupikitsa moyo wa ntchito ya injini, komanso imayambitsa kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa magetsi a grid, zomwe zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito abwinobwino a zida zina zamagetsi mu grid yomweyo, ndipo zingayambitsenso Magetsi zolephera monga kupunthwa.

3. Choyambitsa chofewa chimagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wowongolera magawo a zida zamagetsi monga thyristors. Pa gawo loyambirira loyambitsa mota, ngodya yoyendetsera ya thyristor imawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono, kotero kuti mphamvu yolowera ya mota imawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono komanso bwino kuchokera pamtengo wotsika kupita ku mphamvu yovomerezeka. Panthawiyi, mphamvu yoyambira ya mota imayendetsedwa mosamalitsa mkati mwa nthawi 1.5-4 kuposa mphamvu yovomerezeka, ndipo mphamvu yoyambira imawonjezekanso pang'onopang'ono, kupewa kugwedezeka, kukhudzidwa ndi phokoso losazolowereka la makina opatsirana chifukwa cha mphamvu yochulukirapo ya nthawi yomweyo, kuteteza bwino mota, chochepetsera, cholumikizira ndi zida zina, ndikuchepetsa ndalama zosamalira zida.

4. Kuwonjezera pa kuwongolera njira yoyambira, choyambira chofewa chilinso ndi Malo Ofewa Oyimitsa ntchito, yomwe ndi yofunika kwambiri pazochitika zomwe zimafunikira kwambiri pakuyimitsa. Njira yoyimitsa galimoto mwachindunji imachitika podula magetsi nthawi yomweyo, ndipo mota imayima mwachangu chifukwa cha inertia, zomwe zimayambitsa kugwedezeka kwakukulu ndi kugwedezeka kwa katundu wamakina. Mwachitsanzo, mu zida monga malamba onyamula katundu ndi zopondera, kuyimitsa mwachindunji kungayambitse kusonkhanitsa zinthu, kuwonongeka kwa zida, komanso ngozi zachitetezo.

5. Ntchito yoyimitsa yofewa ya choyambitsa chofewa imachepetsa pang'onopang'ono ngodya yoyendetsera ya thyristor, kotero kuti mphamvu yolowera ya mota imachepetsedwa pang'onopang'ono kuchoka pa mphamvu yovomerezeka kufika pa zero, ndipo liwiro la mota limachepa pang'onopang'ono mpaka itaima bwino. Njirayi imaletsa bwino mphamvu ya inertial pamakina ndikuwonetsetsa kuti njira yoyimitsa ikhazikika. Nthawi yomweyo, pazida zina zomwe zimafuna malo oimika magalimoto molondola, ntchito yoyimitsa yofewa imathanso kugwirizana ndi njira yoyenera yowongolera kuti ikonze kulondola kwa malo oimika magalimoto ndikuwonjezera kukhazikika kwa njira yopangira.

6. Choyambira chofewa chimaphatikiza zonse Chitetezo cha Magalimoto ntchito, zomwe zimatha kuyang'anira magawo ofunikira nthawi yeniyeni panthawi yogwira ntchito ya injini, monga mphamvu yamagetsi, magetsi, kutentha, ndi zina zotero. Pamene magawo osazolowereka apezeka, njira zodzitetezera zimatengedwa nthawi yake kuti zipewe kuwonongeka kwa injini. Pakati pawo, chitetezo champhamvu kwambiri ndi chitetezo champhamvu kwambiri ndi ntchito zodzitetezera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

7. Ponena za chitetezo cha overload, gawo lozindikira mphamvu yamagetsi mkati mwa choyambira chofewa limayang'anira nthawi zonse mphamvu yamagetsi ya mota. Pamene mphamvu yamagetsi ipitirira mtengo wovomerezeka ndipo imatenga nthawi inayake (yomwe yakhazikitsidwa malinga ndi mawonekedwe a overload ya mota), choyambira chofewa chidzaona kuti mota ili mu overload, kutumiza nthawi yomweyo chizindikiro choteteza, kudula mphamvu yamagetsi ya mota kapena kuchepetsa mphamvu yotulutsa, kuti mota isatenthedwe chifukwa cha overload ya nthawi yayitali. Chitetezo cha overcurrent makamaka chimayang'ana kwambiri mafunde akuluakulu nthawi yomweyo panthawi yoyambitsa kapena yogwira ntchito, monga mota yochepa, kuwonjezeka mwadzidzidzi kwa katundu, ndi zina zotero. Pamene mphamvu yamagetsi ipitirira overcurrent yokhazikika, choyambira chofewa chidzachitapo kanthu mwachangu kuti chiteteze mwachangu.

8. Kuphatikiza apo, ma soft starter ena apamwamba ali ndi ntchito monga kuteteza undervoltage, kuteteza overvoltage, kuteteza phase failure, ndi kuteteza mota kutenthedwa kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, pamene grid voltage ili yotsika kapena yokwera kuposa mtundu wina wa voltage yoyesedwa, undervoltage kapena overvoltage protection function idzayamba kupewa kuwonongeka kwa mota chifukwa cha ntchito pansi pa voltage yosadziwika bwino; pamene magetsi a gawo lachitatu a mota akusowa, ntchito yoteteza kulephera kwa gawo imatha kuzindikira ndikudula magetsi panthawi yake kuti mota isatenthedwe chifukwa cha ntchito ya gawo limodzi. Kuphatikiza kwa ntchito zoteteza izi kumapangitsa soft starter kukhala "chitetezo" pa ntchito ya mota.

9. Mu zochitika zina zogwirira ntchito ndi kuchuluka kochepa kwa katundu, monga mafani, mapampu amadzi ndi zida zina, injini ikagwira ntchito pamagetsi ovoteledwa, vuto la "kavalo wamkulu akukoka ngolo yaying'ono" limachitika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu zamagetsi ziwonongeke kwambiri. Ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu yosunga mphamvu ya choyambira chofewa imasintha mphamvu ya magetsi kuti igwirizane ndi mphamvu yotulutsa ya injini ndi kufunikira kwa katundu, potero kukwaniritsa cholinga chosunga mphamvu.

10. Mfundo yake yosungira mphamvu imachokera ku mphamvu ya injini: pamene katundu wa injini ndi wopepuka, mphamvu ya injini imakhala yochepa. Pakadali pano, kuchepetsa mphamvu yolowera ya injini kudzera mu choyambira chofewa kungathandize kusintha mphamvu ya injini ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yogwira ntchito. Microprocessor yomwe ili mkati mwa choyambira chofewa izindikira nthawi yeniyeni mphamvu ya injini ndi mphamvu ya injini, ndikusintha yokha ngodya ya thyristor malinga ndi zotsatira zozindikirika kuti ikwaniritse mphamvu ya injini. Machitidwe akuwonetsa kuti pazochitika zokhala ndi mphamvu ya 30%-70%, mphamvu yosungira mphamvu ya choyambira chofewa ndi yofunika kwambiri, zomwe zimatha kusunga mphamvu ya 5%-20%, kuchepetsa ndalama zambiri zamagetsi kwa mabizinesi.

11. Ndi ntchito zazikulu monga kuyambitsa bwino, kuyimitsa pang'onopang'ono, chitetezo chambiri komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zosunga mphamvu, choyambitsa chofewa sichimangowonjezera kukhazikika ndi chitetezo cha ntchito ya injini, chimawonjezera moyo wa zida, komanso chimachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi ndalama zosamalira. Chagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo ambiri monga kupanga mafakitale, zomangamanga, ndi kusamalira madzi. Ndi chitukuko chopitilira cha ukadaulo wamagetsi ndi ukadaulo wowongolera wanzeru, ntchito za choyambitsa chofewa zidzawonjezedwa ndi kukonzedwanso, kubweretsa mayankho ogwira mtima komanso anzeru pantchito yowongolera magalimoto.