Ukuhlaziywa kwemisebenzi emine eyinhloko yesiqalisi esithambile: ukuqala nokuyeka okubushelelezi, ukuvikelwa okuningi, kanye nokusebenza okonga amandla.

1. Ohlelweni lokushayela kagesi, njengesihluthulelo Ukulawulwa Kwezimoto Idivayisi, i-soft starter ixazulula ngempumelelo izinkinga eziningi ezibangelwa indlela yendabuko yokuqala ngqo ngekhono layo lokulawula eliqondile phezu kwenqubo yokuqalisa imoto. Ayivuli noma icime isekethe kuphela, kodwa ibona ukulungiswa okubushelelezi kwe-motor voltage kanye nogesi ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-elekthronikhi, ngaleyo ndlela ifeze imisebenzi ehlukahlukene eyinhloko futhi inikeze ukwesekwa okuqinile kokusebenza okuphumelelayo nokuphephile kokukhiqiza kwezimboni. Imisebenzi eyinhloko ye-soft starter ihlaziywa ngokuningiliziwe ngezansi, kanye nezincazelo zesiNgisi ezihambisanayo.

2. Lona umsebenzi oyisisekelo noyinhloko we-soft starter. Indlela yendabuko yokuqalisa imoto eqondile ibangela ukuthi imoto ithwale ugesi wokungena ophindwe ka-5-8 kunogesi olinganiselwe ngesikhathi sokuqalisa. Lo gesi omkhulu osheshayo awugcini nje ngokubangela ukucindezeleka okukhulu kwe-electrothermal kuma-windings emoto, usheshisa ukuguga kwe-insulation, futhi ufinyeze impilo yenkonzo yemoto, kodwa futhi ubangela ukuguquguquka okukhulu kugesi wegridi, okuthinta ukusebenza okuvamile kweminye imishini kagesi kugridi efanayo, futhi kungabangela ngisho Ukunikezwa kwamandla kagesi ukwehluleka okufana nokukhubeka.

3. Isiqalo esithambile sisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokulawula isigaba samadivayisi kagesi anamandla njenge-thyristors. Esigabeni sokuqala sokuqala kwemoto, i-engeli yokuqhuba ye-thyristor ikhushulwa kancane kancane, ukuze i-voltage yokufaka yemoto ikhushulwe kancane kancane futhi ngokushelela kusukela enanini eliphansi kuya ku-voltage elinganisiwe. Phakathi nale nqubo, i-current yokuqala yemoto ilawulwa ngokuqinile ngaphakathi kwebanga eliphindwe izikhathi ezingu-1.5-4 kune-current elinganisiwe, futhi i-torque yokuqala nayo iyanda kancane kancane, igwema ukudlidliza, umthelela nomsindo ongajwayelekile wesistimu yokudlulisa imishini ebangelwa amandla amaningi okushaya ngokushesha, ivikele ngempumelelo imoto, i-reducer, i-coupling kanye neminye imishini, futhi inciphise izindleko zokulungisa imishini.

4. Ngaphezu kokulawula inqubo yokuqalisa, i-soft starter nayo ine- Isitophu Esithambile umsebenzi, okubaluleke kakhulu ezimweni ezinezidingo eziphezulu zenqubo yokuma. Indlela yendabuko yokuma kwemoto eqondile iqashelwa ngokunqamula ukunikezwa kwamandla ngokushesha, futhi imoto izoma ngokushesha ngaphansi kwesenzo se-inertia, okuzobangela umthelela omkhulu nokudlidliza komthwalo womshini. Isibonelo, emishinini efana namabhande okuhambisa kanye nama-hoist, ukuma okuqondile kungabangela ukuqongelela kwezinto, ukulimala kwezingxenye zemishini, ngisho nezingozi zokuphepha.

5. Umsebenzi wokumisa okuthambile wesiqalisi esithambile unciphisa kancane kancane i-engeli yokuqhuba ye-thyristor, ukuze i-voltage yokufaka yemoto yehliswe kancane kancane kusukela ku-voltage elinganisiwe iye ku-zero, futhi ijubane lemoto lehle kancane kuze kube yilapho ima ngokuzinzile. Le nqubo ivimbela ngempumelelo umthelela wamandla angenawo amandla ohlelweni lwemishini futhi iqinisekise ukuzinza kwenqubo yokumisa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kweminye imishini edinga indawo yokupaka eqondile, umsebenzi wokumisa okuthambile ungabambisana ne-logic yokulawula efanele ukuthuthukisa ukunemba kwendawo yokupaka nokuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwenqubo yokukhiqiza.

6. Isiqalo esithambile sihlanganisa okubanzi Ukuvikelwa Kwezimoto imisebenzi, engaqapha amapharamitha ayisihluthulelo ngesikhathi sangempela ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemoto, njengamandla kagesi, i-voltage, izinga lokushisa, njll. Uma kutholwa amapharamitha angajwayelekile, kuthathwa izinyathelo zokuvikela ngesikhathi ukuze kugwenywe umonakalo wemoto. Phakathi kwazo, ukuvikela ngokweqile kanye nokuvikela ngokweqile yimisebenzi yokuvikela esetshenziswa kakhulu.

7. Ngokuphathelene nokuvikelwa kokulayisha ngokweqile, imojuli yokuthola yamanje ngaphakathi kwesiqalisi esithambile iqapha njalo amandla okusebenza emoto. Lapho amandla ombane edlula inani elilinganiselwe futhi ehlala isikhathi esithile (ebekwe ngokwezici zokulayisha ngokweqile zemoto), isiqalisi esithambile sizokwahlulela ukuthi imoto isesimweni sokulayisha ngokweqile, ngokushesha sithumele isignali yokuvikela, sinqume ukunikezwa kwamandla emoto noma sinciphise i-voltage yokukhipha, ukuze kuvinjelwe imoto ukuthi ingashi ngenxa yokulayisha ngokweqile isikhathi eside. Ukuvikelwa kwamandla ombane ngokweqile kuhloswe kakhulu kuma-current amakhulu asheshayo ngesikhathi sokuqala noma ukusebenza, njenge-motor short circuit, ukwanda okungazelelwe komthwalo, njll. Lapho amandla ombane edlula umkhawulo wokusebenzisa amandla ombane ngokweqile obekwe, isiqalisi esithambile sizosebenza ngokushesha ukuze sithole ukuvikelwa okusheshayo.

8. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye iziqalisi ezithambile zezinga eliphezulu nazo zinemisebenzi efana nokuvikelwa kwe-undervoltage, ukuvikelwa kwe-overvoltage, ukuvikelwa kokuhluleka kwesigaba, kanye nokuvikelwa kokushisa ngokweqile kwenjini. Isibonelo, lapho i-voltage yegridi iphansi noma iphakeme kunobubanzi obuthile be-voltage elinganisiwe, umsebenzi wokuvikela we-undervoltage noma we-overvoltage uzoqala ukugwema umonakalo kunjini obangelwa ukusebenza ngaphansi kwe-voltage engavamile; lapho ukunikezwa kwamandla kwemoto kwezigaba ezintathu kungekho, umsebenzi wokuvikela ukuhluleka kwesigaba ungabona futhi unqume ukunikezwa kwamandla ngesikhathi ukuvimbela imoto ukuthi ingashi ngenxa yokusebenza kwesigaba esisodwa. Ukuhlanganiswa kwale misebenzi yokuvikela kwenza i-starter ethambile ibe "isivikelo sokuphepha" sokusebenza kwenjini.

9. Kwezinye izimo zokusebenza ezinezinga eliphansi lomthwalo, njengeziphepheni, amaphampu amanzi kanye neminye imishini, lapho injini isebenza nge-voltage elinganisiwe, kuzovela isimo "sehhashi elikhulu elidonsa inqola encane", okuzoholela ekuchithekeni kwamandla kagesi amaningi. Umsebenzi wokonga amandla we-starter ethambile ulungisa ngamandla i-voltage yokufaka yemoto ukuze ifane namandla okukhipha emoto nesidingo somthwalo, ngaleyo ndlela kufezwe injongo yokonga amandla.

10. Umgomo wayo wokonga amandla usekelwe ezicini zamandla zemoto: uma umthwalo wemoto ulula, amandla emoto aphansi. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukunciphisa amandla okufaka emoto ngokusebenzisa i-starter ethambile kungathuthukisa amandla emoto futhi kunciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okusabela. I-microprocessor engaphakathi kwe-starter ethambile izobona ngesikhathi sangempela amandla omthwalo kanye namandla emoto, futhi ilungise ngokuzenzakalelayo i-engeli yokuqhuba ye-thyristor ngokwemiphumela yokuthola ukuze ithuthukise amandla kagesi emoto. Umkhuba ubonisa ukuthi ezimweni ezinezinga lomthwalo elingu-30%-70%, umphumela wokonga amandla we-starter ethambile ubaluleke kakhulu, ongafinyelela izinga lokonga amandla elingu-5%-20%, kuncishiswe izindleko eziningi zikagesi emabhizinisini.

11. Ngemisebenzi eyinhloko efana nokuqala okubushelelezi, ukuma okuthambile, ukuvikelwa okuningi kanye nokusebenza okonga amandla, i-soft starter ayithuthukisi nje kuphela ukuzinza nokuphepha kokusebenza kwemoto, yandisa impilo yesevisi yemishini, kodwa futhi inciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nezindleko zokulungisa. Isetshenziswe kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi efana nokukhiqizwa kwezimboni, ukwakhiwa, kanye nokongiwa kwamanzi. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe be-elekthronikhi bamandla kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulawula obuhlakaniphile, imisebenzi ye-soft starter izothuthukiswa futhi ithuthukiswe, ilethe izixazululo ezisebenzayo nezihlakaniphile emkhakheni wokulawula izimoto.