Isesengura ry'imirimo ine y'ingenzi y'igikoresho cyoroshye cyo gutangiza: gutangira neza no guhagarika, uburinzi bwinshi, no kuzigama ingufu.

1. Muri sisitemu y'amashanyarazi, nk'urufunguzo Kugenzura moteri Igikoresho, icyuma gitangira ibintu byoroshye gikemura ibibazo byinshi biterwa n'uburyo busanzwe bwo gutangiza ibintu byoroshye hamwe n'ubushobozi bwacyo bwo kugenzura neza inzira yo gutangiza moteri. Ntabwo gifungura cyangwa ngo kizimye gusa, ahubwo gihindura neza ingufu za moteri n'amashanyarazi binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga ry'amashanyarazi, bityo kikagera ku mirimo itandukanye y'ingenzi kandi kigatanga inkunga ikomeye mu mikorere myiza kandi mu mutekano y'umusaruro w'inganda. Imirimo y'ingenzi ya icyuma gitangira ibintu byoroshye irasesengurwa mu buryo burambuye hepfo, hamwe n'ibisobanuro bihuye n'icyongereza.

2. Iyi ni yo nshingano y'ibanze kandi y'ingenzi ya soft starter. Uburyo busanzwe bwo gutangiza moteri ikoresha direct moteri butuma moteri igira amashanyarazi yinjiza inshuro 5-8 z'amashanyarazi asanzwe mu gihe cyo gutangira. Iyi amashanyarazi manini ako kanya ntabwo atera gusa stress ikomeye y'amashanyarazi ku mizunguruko ya moteri, yihutisha gusaza kw'ubushyuhe, kandi igagabanya igihe cyo gukora moteri, ahubwo inatera ihindagurika rikomeye mu muvuduko w'amashanyarazi, bigira ingaruka ku mikorere isanzwe y'ibindi bikoresho by'amashanyarazi muri grid imwe, ndetse ishobora no gutera Ingufu z'amashanyarazi gutsindwa nko kugwa mu gihirahiro.

3. Imashini yoroshye ikoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura icyiciro cy’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga nk’ibikoresha thyristors. Mu cyiciro cya mbere cyo gutangiza moteri, inguni yo kuyobora ya thyristor yiyongera buhoro buhoro, ku buryo ingufu z’amashanyarazi zinjira za moteri ziyongera buhoro buhoro kandi neza kuva ku gaciro kari hasi kugera ku ngufu z’amashanyarazi. Muri iki gikorwa, ingufu z’amashanyarazi zitangira moteri zigenzurwa neza mu ntera y’inshuro 1.5-4 z’amashanyarazi asanzwe, kandi imbaraga z’amashanyarazi zitangira nazo ziyongera buhoro buhoro, birinda guhinda umushyitsi, ingaruka n’urusaku rudasanzwe rwa sisitemu yo kohereza umuriro iterwa n’imbaraga nyinshi z’amashanyarazi ako kanya, birinda neza moteri, ibikoresho bigabanya umuriro, ibikoresho bihuza n’ibindi, kandi bigabanya ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga ibikoresho.

4. Uretse kugenzura inzira yo gutangiza, icyuma gitangira cyoroshye gifite kandi Guhagarara Kworoshye imikorere, ikaba ari ingenzi cyane mu bihe bifite ibisabwa byinshi byo guhagarara. Uburyo gakondo bwo guhagarara kwa moteri ikora bukorwa binyuze mu gufunga umuriro ako kanya, kandi moteri ihagarara vuba bitewe n'uburemere, ibyo bikazatera ingaruka zikomeye no kunyeganyega k'umutwaro wa mekanike. Urugero, mu bikoresho nk'imikandara yo koherezamo ibintu n'ibitereko, guhagarara ku buryo butaziguye bishobora gutera ubwinshi bw'ibikoresho, kwangiza ibice by'ibikoresho, ndetse no ku mpanuka z'umutekano.

5. Uburyo bwo guhagarara buhoro buhoro bw'icyuma gitangira buhoro buhoro bugabanya inguni yo kuyobora ya thyristor, ku buryo ingufu zinjiye za moteri zigabanuka buhoro buhoro kuva kuri voltage igera kuri zeru, kandi umuvuduko wa moteri ukagabanuka buhoro buhoro kugeza igihe ihagaze neza. Iyi gahunda igabanya ingaruka z'imbaraga zitagira ingufu kuri sisitemu ya mekanike kandi igakomeza guhagarara neza. Muri icyo gihe, ku bikoresho bimwe na bimwe bisaba aho imodoka ihagarara neza, uburyo bwo guhagarara buhoro buhoro bushobora kandi gukorana n'uburyo bujyanye n'ubuyobozi kugira ngo bunoze uburyo bwo guhagarara neza no kongera uburyo bwo gukora.

6. Itangiriro ryoroshye rihuza ibintu byose Uburinzi bwa moteri imikorere, ishobora gukurikirana mu buryo bwihuse ibipimo by'ingenzi mu gihe cy'imikorere ya moteri, nk'amashanyarazi, voltage, ubushyuhe, nibindi. Iyo ibipimo bidasanzwe bigaragaye, ingamba zo kurinda moteri zifatwa ku gihe kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika. Muri byo, kurinda umuvuduko mwinshi no kurinda umuvuduko mwinshi ni byo bikorwa cyane byo kurinda.

7. Ku bijyanye no kurinda umuvuduko mwinshi, module yo gutahura umuriro uri muri moteri yoroshye ikurikirana umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi ukorera muri moteri. Iyo umuvuduko urenze agaciro kagenwe kandi ukamara igihe runaka (ukurikije imiterere y'umuvuduko mwinshi wa moteri), moteri yoroshye izasuzuma ko moteri iri mu muvuduko mwinshi, yohereze ako kanya ikimenyetso cyo kurinda, ihagarike umuriro wa moteri cyangwa igabanye ingufu zisohoka, kugira ngo hirindwe ko moteri yatwikwa bitewe no gushyuha cyane igihe kirekire. Uburinzi bw'umuvuduko mwinshi bugamije cyane cyane imigezi minini ihita itangira cyangwa ikora, nko gufunga moteri, kwiyongera gutunguranye k'umutwaro, nibindi. Iyo umuvuduko urenze urugero rw'umuvuduko mwinshi, moteri yoroshye izakora vuba kugira ngo ibone uburinzi bwihuse.

8. Byongeye kandi, zimwe mu mashini zitangira umuriro mu buryo bworoshye zifite imirimo nko kurinda umuriro urenze urugero, kurinda umuriro urenze urugero, kurinda umuriro urenze urugero, no kurinda ubushyuhe bukabije bwa moteri. Urugero, iyo umuriro urenze urugero rw'amashanyarazi uri hasi cyangwa hejuru y'urugero runaka rw'amashanyarazi, imikorere yo kurinda umuriro urenze urugero cyangwa umuriro urenze urugero izatangira kwirinda kwangirika kwa moteri bitewe n'imikorere yayo idafite ingufu zidasanzwe; iyo umuriro urenze urugero rw'amashanyarazi wa moteri ubuze, imikorere yo kurinda umuriro urenze urugero ishobora kubona no guhagarika umuriro wayo ku gihe kugira ngo wirinde ko moteri yatwikwa bitewe n'imikorere y'igice kimwe. Guhuza izi mashini zo kurinda bituma mashini itangira umuriro iba "uburinzi bw'umutekano" ku mikorere ya moteri.

9. Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe byo gukora bifite umuvuduko muto w’umutwaro, nk’abafana, pompe z’amazi n’ibindi bikoresho, iyo moteri ikora ku muvuduko uhanitse, hazabaho ikintu cyitwa "ifarashi nini ikurura igare rito", bigatuma habaho gutakaza ingufu nyinshi z’amashanyarazi. Imikorere yo kuzigama ingufu z’icyuma cyoroshye gihindura imbaraga z’amashanyarazi yinjiye muri moteri kugira ngo ihuze n’imbaraga z’umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi n’umutwaro ukenewe, bityo bikagera ku ntego yo kuzigama ingufu.

10. Ihame ryayo ryo kuzigama ingufu rishingiye ku miterere y'imbaraga za moteri: iyo umutwaro wa moteri ari muto, ingufu za moteri ziba nke. Muri iki gihe, kugabanya ingufu zinjiye za moteri binyuze muri starter yoroshye bishobora kunoza ingufu za moteri no kugabanya ikoreshwa ry'imbaraga zikora. Microprocessor iri muri starter yoroshye izamenya umuvuduko w'umutwaro n'imbaraga za moteri mu buryo bwihuse, kandi igahindura mu buryo bwikora inguni y'umuvuduko wa thyristor hakurikijwe ibisubizo byo kuyipima kugira ngo yongere ingufu za moteri. Imyitozo igaragaza ko mu bihe bifite umuvuduko w'umutwaro wa 30%-70%, ingaruka zo kuzigama ingufu za starter yoroshye ni ingenzi cyane, bishobora kugera ku muvuduko wo kuzigama ingufu wa 5%-20%, bikagabanya ikiguzi kinini cy'amashanyarazi ku bigo.

11. Hamwe n'imirimo y'ingenzi nko gutangiza neza, guhagarika buhoro buhoro, kurinda inshuro nyinshi no kuzigama ingufu, icyuma gitangira buhoro buhoro nticyongera gusa umutekano n'umutekano w'imikorere ya moteri, cyongera igihe cyo gukora ibikoresho, ahubwo kinagabanya ikoreshwa ry'ingufu n'ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga. Cyakoreshejwe cyane mu nzego nyinshi nko mu nganda, mu bwubatsi no mu kubungabunga amazi. Hamwe n'iterambere rihoraho ry'ikoranabuhanga rikoresha ingufu n'ikoranabuhanga rigenzura neza, imikorere ya icyuma gitangira buhoro buhoro izarushaho kunozwa no kunozwa, bitanga ibisubizo byiza kandi by'ubwenge mu rwego rwo kugenzura moteri.